What is a Knollys Rose?

“Knollys Rose” is a historical term that refers to a pension or annuity granted by the British monarch. The name is derived from the Knollys family, particularly Sir Francis Knollys, who served as a courtier during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Sir Francis Knollys received a rose from Queen Elizabeth I as a symbol of her favour and gratitude for his services. This rose came to represent a financial grant or pension given by the monarch to a favoured individual.

Historical significance

The tradition of awarding a Knollys Rose as a pension continued in subsequent reigns, and the term has historical significance in the context of royal grants and pensions in England. It reflects a practice of rewarding loyal and influential individuals with financial support, often in the form of an annual stipend or annuity.

The Watermen’s Company Connection to the Knollys Rose

In the annual tradition known as the Presentation of the Knollys Rose to the Lord Mayor, the Master of the Watermen’s Company, acting as the Escort to the Rose, journeys from the Parish of All Hallows to the Mansion House. This ritual is a symbolic gesture to fulfil the rent payment in discharge of the award imposed on Sir Robert Knollys by Lord Mayor Sir William Walworth in 1381, spanning over 640 years.

Sir Robert Knollys

Sir Robert Knollys, a distinguished figure in the Hundred Years’ War, had led English forces in Picardy, serving concurrently as Captain of the City Archers and City Men-at-Arms. His notable role in the defence of the City during the Peasants’ Revolt showcased his loyalty to King Richard II. Sir Robert had even provided financial assistance to the young king by pawning Crown jewels.

While Sir Robert was away at war, his wife, Constance, faced challenges with City authorities over a footbridge she constructed without authorisation. The Lord Mayor’s Court addressed this issue by allowing the Knollys family to retain ownership of the footbridge, known as haut pas, on the condition that they present one red rose annually at the Feast of St John the Baptist.

A unique tradition

In adherence to this historical agreement, the Master and the Clerk of the Watermen’s Company visit the Rose Garden in Seething Lane each year. There, a red rose is plucked and presented to the Lord Mayor, symbolising the fulfilment of the penalty imposed in 1381 during the reign of King Richard II. This unique tradition reflects the enduring connection between the Watermen’s Company and the legacy of the Knollys Rose.

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Our recorded information includes the apprentice’s name, date bound as an apprentice to the Company, place, master’s name, and the date when they gained their Freedom of the Company.

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For records prior to c. 1890, please visit the Guildhall Library in the City of London. The Guildhall Library provides free access to these records and other genealogy-related resources, along with internet and Wi-Fi access.